ज्ञान व्यवस्थापन भनेको के हो?
What is KM?
Knowledge management (KM) is the systematic process of ज्ञान सङ्कलन र क्युरेटिङ, र मानिसहरूलाई यसमा जोड्दै and to each other, so they can work more effectively and efficiently.
It is based on people, processes, and technology but is inherently a social science that focuses most on people and the way they interact and share knowledge with each other. When applying KM in family planning and reproductive health (FP/RH) and other global health programs, the people of focus are the global health workforce members who are working to address and solve health problems. These can include program and organization staff at different levels of the health system and across different geographic areas, global health networks, and the broader global health community.
When global health workforce members share what they know, and can find what they need, programs are able to reach their full potential and avoid repeating costly mistakes. This means better outcomes for individuals, communities, and health systems.
Common Challenges that KM Can Support
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विकल्प र जानकारी को ओभरलोड: For some global health workforce members, the sheer volume of available resources can be overwhelming, making it difficult to identify the most relevant and reliable information.
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Lack of Information: While information overload is common, some other global health workforce members still face obstacles of having too little information, whether it be because of limited infrastructure like reliable access to the internet or because they are shut out of the knowledge cycle due to inequitable knowledge sharing systems.
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जटिल र दुर्गम जानकारी: Information is often presented in ways that are hard to understand, creating barriers for users who need clear, concise, and actionable data and information.
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पहुँच बाधाहरू: Paywalls, भाषा अवरोधहरू, र अन्य अवरोधहरूले धेरैलाई महत्त्वपूर्ण जानकारी पहुँच गर्नबाट रोक्छ।
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पुरानो र गैर-विशिष्ट डाटा: धेरै स्रोतहरूमा सन्दर्भ-विशिष्ट जानकारीको अभाव हुन्छ वा पुरानो डाटामा आधारित हुन्छन्, तिनीहरूको उपयोगिता घटाउँछ।
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प्रभावहीनता मा सीमित अन्तरदृष्टि: There is a shortage of information on what strategies do होइन work in family planning and reproductive health, hindering the ability to learn from past mistakes.
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समन्वय र व्यवस्थित साझेदारीको अभाव: समन्वित प्रयास र व्यवस्थित सूचना आदानप्रदानको अभावले क्षेत्रको ज्ञान र अकार्यक्षमतालाई खण्डित गर्छ।
What Do KM Solutions Look Like?
KM solutions can take on different forms depending on people’s needs and the challenges you’re trying to solve.
As shown in the KM Tools and Techniques matrix on the right, KM solutions can focus on:
- Bringing people together to सोध्नु questions and elicit tacit knowledge — or the know-how in people’s heads
- Conveying knowledge (or telling it) to defined groups of people
- Publishing र searching approaches to share explicit knowledge and allow people to pull the information they need, when they need it
Knowledge SUCCESS’s KM initiatives use a mix of these KM tools and techniques to engage the FP/RH workforce’s diverse learning preferences and knowledge needs.
Explore some of our key KM initiatives below.
Collecting and organizing knowledge:
Connecting people to each other and to knowledge:
Strengthening capacity and resources for KM:
We also host regional KM workshops for FP/RH professionals working in Asia and East and West Africa.
Integrating KM into FP/RH Programs
FP/RH programs can use the five-step KM Road Map to integrate KM into their programs and operations. This systematic process helps to strategically generate, collect, analyze, synthesize, and share knowledge in global health programs, including FP/RH, and focuses on KM as a process, not just a single product or activity.
आवश्यकताहरू मूल्याङ्कन गर्नुहोस्: विश्वव्यापी स्वास्थ्य कार्यक्रम चुनौतीको सन्दर्भ बुझ्नुहोस् र ज्ञान व्यवस्थापनले यसलाई कसरी समाधान गर्न मद्दत गर्न सक्छ भनेर पहिचान गर्नुहोस्।
डिजाइन रणनीति: ज्ञान व्यवस्थापन हस्तक्षेपहरू प्रयोग गरेर तपाईंको विश्वव्यापी स्वास्थ्य कार्यक्रमलाई कसरी सुधार गर्ने योजना बनाउनुहोस्।
सिर्जना गर्नुहोस् र पुनरावृत्ति गर्नुहोस्: नयाँ ज्ञान व्यवस्थापन उपकरणहरू र प्रविधिहरू प्रयोग गर्नुहोस् वा तपाईंको विश्वव्यापी स्वास्थ्य कार्यक्रमको आवश्यकताहरू पूरा गर्न अवस्थितहरूलाई अनुकूलन गर्नुहोस्।
परिचालन र निगरानी: ज्ञान व्यवस्थापन उपकरण र प्रविधिहरू लागू गर्नुहोस्, तिनीहरूको प्रभावहरूको निगरानी गर्नुहोस्, र परिवर्तनशील आवश्यकताहरू र वास्तविकताहरूलाई प्रतिक्रिया दिन आफ्नो दृष्टिकोण र गतिविधिहरू अनुकूलन गर्नुहोस्।
मूल्याङ्कन र विकास गर्नुहोस्: तपाईंले आफ्नो ज्ञान व्यवस्थापन उद्देश्यहरू कत्तिको राम्रोसँग हासिल गर्नुभयो भनी व्याख्या गर्नुहोस्, तपाईंको सफलतामा योगदान वा बाधा पुर्याउने कारकहरू पहिचान गर्नुहोस्, र भविष्यको प्रोग्रामिङलाई प्रभाव पार्न यी निष्कर्षहरू प्रयोग गर्नुहोस्।
Learn more about this process in our निर्माण राम्रो कार्यक्रम गाइड, or get a quick overview in the companion KM Pocket Guide.
What is Equitable KM?
विश्वव्यापी स्वास्थ्य र विकास कार्यले साझा लक्ष्यहरूमा काम गर्ने व्यक्ति र संस्थाहरूको विविध समुदाय समावेश गर्दछ। यी लक्ष्यहरू पूरा गर्न सबैभन्दा प्रभावकारी हुने समूहहरूसँग नियमित रूपमा महत्त्वपूर्ण ज्ञान साझा गर्न, नवीनतम अनुसन्धानमा तत्काल पहुँच प्राप्त गर्न, र सिकेका पाठहरूलाई राम्रो कार्यक्रमहरूमा अनुवाद गर्न प्रणालीहरू छन्।
Equity is a key consideration in KM systems and processes, in addition to each step within the KM Road Map. Equitable KM is achieved when everyone has the सूचना, अवसर, सीप र स्रोतहरू आवश्यक छ परिभाषित र सहभागी ज्ञान चक्रमा।
This happens when there is an absence of unfair, avoidable, and remediable भिन्नताहरू ज्ञान निर्माण, पहुँच, साझेदारी, र समूहहरू बीच प्रयोगमा स्वास्थ्य कार्यबल सदस्यहरू।
There are four essential elements to consider when reflecting on the equity of your KM tool or technique.
- Is it available to all members of your intended audience?
- Is it पहुँचयोग्य to everyone at no or reasonable cost and consistent with their needs, including format, technology, language, and timing?
- Is it acceptable, in that it is respectful of culture and sensitive or responsive to people’s identities and does not reinforce inequitable gender and other power dynamics?
- Is it high quality – that is accurate, up-to-date, unbiased, and relevant?
Key Resources and Tools
Assess and evaluate KM:
